Journey of electricity from Power plant to end user
Nowadays, electric power is referred to as a basic need unlike earlier. Just as the sun rises every day, we believe that electricity will simply be available for our day to day activities.
But ever wondered how electricity reaches our home? It all starts from the power station where electricity is generated. Electricity is generated through a number of ways such as hydroelectric power plants, Gas power plants & also some renewable power generation sources like Wind and solar power plants.
These power plants produce voltage which is transported through overhead lines. The overhead lines carry the high voltage over a long distance. One important element of overhead lines are the pylons (Transmission towers or electric towers) they carry the conductors. The conductors have to be isolated from the earth pylon. They are therefore fixed with isolators. The electricity is transported through conductors in the form of small electrons with a negative charge. The live conductors are made of aluminium steel, a conductive material. Earth wires are attached to the top of the pylons. These earth wires protect the conductors carrying electricity against lightning or rain & basically do not transport the electricity.
But, to transmit the high voltage over longer distances, it is stepped up with the help of step up transformer. The transmission tower lines carry this voltage to the substation or distribution stations, where the voltage gets transformed (from higher voltage to lower voltage) which is safer for distribution. Again the voltage gets decreased one or two steps with another step-down transformer before reaching our homes.
So basically, transformers are used to step up or down the voltage before transporting it further to the destination.
But how is it done?
The transformer usually consists of an iron core. The sides of the iron core are wrapped up with a coil, termed as Primary winding and secondary winding. While for a step down transformer, the Primary winding has more turns than the secondary windings. Now when a high AC voltage is given at the input, it excites the primary winding. After this excitation, alternating current circulates the winding and creates an alternating magnetic flux, which passes through the magnetic iron core. This alternating magnetic flux induces a voltage in the secondary winding. Since, the number of turns in the secondary winding is less, the induced voltage will be low. So, without making an electrical contact, the voltage in the primary winding is transferred to the secondary winding.
Simultaneously, for a step up transformer, the number of winding turns in the primary winding is less compared to the secondary winding.
And to simplify the power transmission, Apollo Power Systems provides a complete electrical solution from the Power station to the last bulb of the end user. We are a leading Electrical contractor with 30 years of experience in the electrical industry. We are a Super Grade License holder with highly trained & skilled electricians we take up the complete charge of electrical work.
